Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda Packet - May 21, 1990 - CC AGENDA EM Oft CITY OF AZUSA Azusa, California TO: HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF CITY COUNCIL FROM: ROY E. BRUCKNA jYD DIRECTOR OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT I�* F N1') DATE: MAY 21, 1990 SUBJECT: RENT STABILIZATION Introduction The City Council recently directed staff to investigate the feasibility of rent stabilization for mobile home parks, in response to complaints from mobile home park tenants regarding escalating rents and capital improvement pass-throughs. This issue has surfaced in numerous communities, especially in highly urbanized areas. The basic problem is that most mobile home park tenants live on fixed incomes. The cost of housing, rapidly increasing value of land, and property owners ' corresponding expectations of a fair return on their investments have outpaced the tenants ' ability to pay. The tenants' response to this dilemma is to approach their elected officials to impose controls. As a result, many cities have adopted rent control or rent stabilization ordinances. One source found that over 40 California communities have mobile home rent control. An extensive volume of case law has resulted over the years as well. Rent Control or Stabilization As a Potential Solution Cities ' typical responses to the conflict between mobile home park tenants' ability to pay and the owners' expectation of a fair return has been to adopt rent control or stabilization ordinances. Such ordinances vary considerably, but typically include the following: 1. Registration requirements - annual fees to cover costs of administration. 2 . Creation of rent control agency. 3 . Rent rollback. 4 . Rent increase formula: - annual increase (flat rate or % of C.P.I. ) - special increase (to cover costs or maintain a fair return) 'y2-4-16?—n , 1 • MEMO TO CITY COUNCIL - RENT STABILIZATION PAGE 2 OF 7 5. Rent adjustment procedures (application to City agency, notice, hearings evidence, judicial reviews) . 6. Vacancy decontrol. 7. Permissible grounds for eviction. 8. Enforcement and remedies. Implementation of rent control ordinances has been costly for cities. Lawsuits filed by property owners have included challenges that owners have not been able to achieve a fair return on their investment, that the ordinances constitute a taking of property right, challenges as to the constitutionality of rent control, etc. In addition, cities have incurred expenses in providing staff time for the implementation of ordinances. For example, the City of Escondido has an annual budget of $205, 000. 00 for rent control administration and attorney fees. The City of Carson annually spends $60-70, 000 on rent control administration and $3, 000 per month on attorney fees. Examples of legal defense costs include Montclair, which has spent $223, 000 in just one year and Carson, which has spend over $1 million since rent control enactment in 1979. It is obvious from these cities' experiences that rent control is not an easy, and oftentimes an expensive issue to deal with. The part of the issue which is most difficult is the question of what constitutes a fair return. Many cities have attempted to devise formulas in their rent control ordinances to define this question. Invariably these have let to prolonged court battles because mobile home park owners have disagreed and the formulas have not been able to take into account the widely variable situations of individual properties. There are several concepts of fair return, however, to date fair return formulas are still debated, are subject to litigation, and are difficult to administer. Exhibit A provides information regarding specific court cases dealing with rent control. Mobile Home Parks In Azusa There are six (6) mobile home parks in Azusa, one of which can be classified as a trailer park. These are as follows: Name Address No. of Units 1. Arrow Pines Estates 1081 W. Arrow Hwy. 103 2 . Azusa Mobile Home Park 812 N. Loren Ave. 47 3 . Caravan Mobile Home Park 600 Gladstone St. 107 4 . Foothill Vista MHP 840 E. Foothill 193 5. Smithy's Trailer Park 753 N. Loren Ave. 18 6. Sylvan Villa MHP 820 S. Azusa Ave. 64 2 MEMO TO CITY COUNCIL - RENT STABILIZATION PAGE 3 OF 7 These mobile home parks all have recreational amenities to varying degrees with the exception of Smithy's and Azusa Mobile Home Park. While most are located in appropriate residential zones, two are located in the M-2 manufacturing zone (Smithy's and Azusa Mobile Home Park) . The zoning code allows mobile home parks in the M-2 zone with a conditional use permit. Both facilities have conditional use permit applications pending with the City. Generally speaking, the mobile home parks in Azusa are maintained in good to fair condition. Foothill Vista Mobile Home Park exhibits the highest level of maintenance, with Smithy's and Azusa Mobile Home Park among the lowest. Typically, as is the case in Azusa, the mobile home lot is rented-out to the tenant by the park owner, while the coach is owned by the tenant. The coach may be encumbered by a loan taken out by the tenant for purchase. In these instances, the tenant pays the space rent, as well as the mortgage payment on the coach. Mobile homes are typically sold in place, because they are expensive to move. In addition, vacancy rates in mobile home parks are extremely low and many parks will not accept older mobile homes. Typically, the cost of in-place mobile homes in a park ranges from $15, 000 to $60, 000 and up, depending on location. Mobile home park residents in Azusa have complained about the following: 1. Rapidly escalating rents of 5 to 10% annually; 2 . Pass-through costs of capital improvements made by park owners without explanation as to the cost of improvements and length of time of payment, etc. ; 3 . Tenants on fixed incomes have not been able to keep up with these rising costs; 4. Long-time tenants who are paying lower rents are being charged 10% annual increases to approach new coach rents. 5. Rapidly increasing rents on vacant units which have a negative impact on the saleability of existing units. 6. Deferred maintenance and reduced service levels. 7 . Rents charged are comparable to parks with full recreational facilities and better amenities. One example to illustrate the problem is one tenant's 10 year rental history as follows: 3 MEMO TO CITY COUNCIL - RENT STABILIZATION PAGE 4 OF 7 Year Rent Increase Year Rent Increase 1980 $134. 65 10% 1985 $196.89 9% 1981 $148.25 2% 1986 $214. 61 9% 1982 $151.91 2% 1987 $236. 07 10% 1983 $164 . 73 9% 1988 $259. 67 10% 1984 $180. 64 9% 1989 $272 . 65 5% Residents on fixed incomes have not experienced corresponding increases in their incomes. They therefore fall farther and farther behind. The average basic rents charged at the parks are as follows: Name Range Arrow Pines $250 - $370 Azusa Mobile Home Park $253 Caravan Mobile Home Park $279 - $337 Foothill Vista Mobile Home Park $247 - $314 (new spaces: $375-425) Smithy's Trailer Park $145 Sylvan Villa Mobile Home Park $269 - $275 Of these six (6) parks, only Foothill Vista offers tenants long- term leases. This provides tenants more security in that the terms and conditions are clearly spelled-out so that tenants know what to expect. The other parks charge month-to-month rents. Senior Citizen Apartments There are two projects in Azusa that can be classified as senior citizen apartments: Soldano Senior Village, at 450 North Soldano Avenue (168 units) , and the Hermitage II Apartments, (146) located at 200 East Gladstone Avenue. The average rents at these facilities are as follows: Soldano Senior Village: $535 - 650 (avg. annual increases 3%) The Hermitage II: $402 - 412 (avg. annual increases 3-6%) Both of these facilities charge market-rate rents and are not subsidized. The perception of the residents concerning the need for rent control are the same with these apartments as with mobile home parks. Rents are perceived to have increased at a much faster rate than the seniors can afford. Soldano Village offers alease agreement that includes a 3% rent increase for the second year. 4 MEMO TO CITY COUNCIL - RENT STABILIZATION PAGE 5 OF 7 The Dilemma of Rent Stabilization It appears from the examination of this issue that a problem exists which must be resolved. How to resolve it is a dilemma facing the City Council. On one hand, the needs of the residents who cannot afford the escalating rents must be met, and on the other hand the specter of significant staff and legal defense costs to meet those needs must be considered, and whether such costs would be better spent on the mobile home parks themselves. There are a number of alternatives available to the City Council to address the issue. These are as follows: 1. An ordinance requiring park owners to offer long term lease agreements to tenants, similar to the City of La Verne's or the Los Angeles County Model Lease (see Exhibits C and D) . Conceptually, this would include: • automatic rent increases for park owners once per year tied to some index, such as the CPI • any proposed increase greater than the index would go to mediation • if mediation failed, it would be decided by arbitration. This ordinance would be much simpler to administer than a traditional rent control ordinance, because it avoids to define the issue of fair return and places the emphasis on negotiation and agreement. 2 . A complete rent control ordinance and program with administrative budget and staff for implementation. As mentioned before, this could be very costly and time consuming with questionable results. 3 . Direct negotiations with park owners to resolve problems specific to a particular park. The extent of tenant dissatisfaction appears to vary among the various parks. For example, we have not been able to confirm the level of dissatisfaction at Foothill Vista, whereas the degree of dissatisfaction at Caravan, Azusa Mobile Home Park and Arrow Pines is high. By direct negotiation, agreement could possibly be reached without having to resort to rent control. 4 . Rent subsidies to qualified residents, to help bridge the gap of the ability to pay. This would only be effective in conjunction with some type of rent stabilization. See Exhibit B, report from the Redevelopment Director. 5 MEMO TO CITY COUNCIL - RENT STABILIZATION PAGE 6 OF 7 5. Tenants' purchase of the parks either as an incorporated management group, as a cooperative, or as a planned unit development, where each tenant purchases his or her space and belongs to an association. This requires the willingness of the park owner to sell. 6. Unit sharing. Individuals living separately is more costly than if the units and living costs are shared. Analysis of Options The traditional rent control ordinance as employed by such cities as Santa Monica, Escondido and Carson have proven to be costly for the City, as mentioned previously. Section 798. 17 of the California Civil Code states, however, that the park owner would be exempt from rent control ordinances if lease agreements in excess of 12 months are offered to the tenants, which meet specific criteria as stipulated in that code. The ordinance adopted by La Verne and Los Angeles County are more consistent with the Civil Code and could offer the protection residents are seeking while minimizing the City's potential litigation costs. Direct negotiations with park owners is also feasible and is advantageous in that the solutions are more likely to be tailored to the needs of the individual park. In parks where there are no problems, no solutions are obviously needed. In parks where there are significant problems, an extensive corrective program would have to be negotiated. Rent subsidies are also feasible, but only if some limit were to be established on the park owners ' ability to increase rents. Otherwise the subsidies would do nothing more than line the park owners ' pockets. The downside of a subsidy program is the possibility that the funds may not be available forever, in which case the tenants would be hit hard when they have to pay market rates all of a sudden. Unit sharing is possible only on a limited scale, for obvious reasons, and is not likely by itself to be a solution to the rent control problem. This could certainly be considered in conjunction with other programs. The biggest obstacle to tenants purchasing their parks is the ability to obtain financing and the owner's willingness to sell. While this option might be further explored, it is not likely that this would be an across-the-board solution to the problem. 6 MEMO TO CITY COUNCIL - RENT STABILIZATION PAGE 7 OF 7 Conclusion Rent increases in mobile home parks and senior apartments have been unpredictable and have increased beyond what residents on fixed incomes are able to pay. The City must be careful in selecting the most effective and least costly approach in dealing with this problem, in light of the city's austere budget. Recommended Action The City Council should select one of two options: Option 1 Order direct negotiations with each park owner to resolve problems within his or her park. One negotiation committee shall be created for each park, each consisting of two (2) tenants, two (2) owner representatives and two (2) staff members. Option 2 Direct the City Attorney to draft a rent stabilization ordinance similar to the Los Angeles County Model Lease Program or the City of La Verne's, updated to reflect current law and court decisions. REB/lmr Attachments - As noted 7 EXHIBIT 'A' California Cases Involving Mobile Home Park Rent Control Ordinances Carson Mobilehome Park owners' Ass'n v. City of Carson, 35 Cal. 3d 184 (1983) (mobilehome rent control ordinance included sufficiently precise standards for rent board to decide whether increase was "just, fair and reasonable") . Gregory v. City of San Juan Capistrano, 142 Cal. App. 3d 72 (1983) (ordinance not preempted by Calif. Mobielhome Residency Law; invalidated provision requiring park owners who wish to sell to first offer park to residents) . Oceanside Mobilehome Park Owners Ass'n v. city of Oceanside, 157 Cal. App. 3d 887 (1984) (held that fifth Amendment does not require that rent control guarantee owner a reasonable return on fair market value; it is sufficient that it assure a reasonable return on investment) . Palos Verdes Shores Mobile Estates, Ltd. v. City of Los Angeles, 142 Cal. App. 3d 362 (1983) (ordinance not preempted by Calif. Mobilehome Residency Law) . Hall v. city of Santa Barbara, 833 F. 2d at 1280, (vacancy decontrol) . 1 EXHIBIT B MEMORANDUM To: Honorable Chairman and Board of Directors From: Robb R. Steel, Redevelopment Director Subject: Use of Agency Low-and Moderate-Income Housing Funds Date: May 21, 1990 I. BACKGROUND On April 23, 1990 the Board of Directors directed staff to prepare a report outlining how low/mod housing funds could be used to assist senior citizens. This report identifies the various possibilities without analyzing the pros and cons of each approach. II. DISCUSSION A. Azusa Set-Aside Projections The Agency must by law set-aside twenty percent of tax increments received for "improving or increasing" the community's supply of low-and moderate-income housing. Prior to 1989-90, the Agency made findings pursuant to law that this set-aside was not required because other funds were meeting the City's housing needs. The Agency could no longer make this finding and tax increments have been allocated to the housing fund since January 1, 1989. The fund is projected to accumulate $2.4 million over the next five years as follows: Surplus/ Year End Year Revenues Expenditures (Deficit) Balance Beginning Balance 604,200 1990-91 450, 000 647, 000 (197, 000) 407, 200 1991-92 430, 000 0 430, 000 837, 200 1992-93 460, 000 0 460, 000 1,267,200 1993-94 520, 000 0 520, 000 1,787,200 1994-95 590, 000 0 590, 000 2, 377,200 Page 2 From: Robb R. Steel, Redevelopment Director Subject: Use of Agency Low-and Moderate-Income Housing Funds Date: May 21, 1990 B. Eligible Uses Section 33334.2 of the Health and Safety Code provides that the funds may be used for the following major activities: 1. Acquire land or building sites. 2 . Improve land or building sites with onsite or offsite improvements, but only if the improvements directly and specifically improve or increase the community's supply of low-or moderate-income housing. 3 . Donate land to private or public persons or entities. 4. Construct buildings or structures. 5. Acquire buildings or structures. 6. Rehabilitate buildings or structures. 7. Provide subsidies to, or for the benefit of very low income households, lower income households, or persons and families of low or moderate income, to the extent those households cannot obtain housing at affordable costs on the open market. 8. Develop plans, pay principal and interest on bonds, loans, advances, or other indebtedness, or pay financing or carrying charges. 9. Maintain the community's supply of mobilehomes. 10. Preserve the availability to lower income households of affordable housing units in housing developments which are assisted or subsidized by public entities and which are threatened with imminent conversion to market rates. These activities may be undertaken anywhere in the City of Azusa. C. Affordability Requirements Section 33334 . 3 requires that the low/mod monies be spent on housing "which is available at affordable housing cost" to low and moderate income households. Affordable housing cost means that the rent or the cost of housing does not exceed 25% of household gross income. The Table below shows the current requirements for "new or substantially rehabilitated" housing. Page 3 From: Robb R. Steel, Redevelopment Director Subject: Use of Agency Low-and Moderate-Income Housing Funds Date: May 21, 1990 Current % of Maximum Maximum Income Group Median Income Monthly Rent Very Low 50% $20,850 $434 Low 80% $31, 100 $648 Moderate 120% $46,700 $973 The law requires that any "new or substantially rehabilitated housing" must remain affordable to low/mod households for 15-30 years. This requires the Agency to impose rent restrictions or resale controls to ensure long-term affordability. There is no definition of substantial rehabilitation but paint- up, fix-up programs are probably exempt. Other programs may also be exempt from the restrictions on a case-by-case basis. D. Potential Uses in Azusa 1. CoastFed The Agency is currently constructing 141 apartment units of which 28 units (20%) are proposed to be set aside for low income senior citizens. The affordability controls will be in place for thirty (30) years if the Developer secures tax exempt financing from the Agency. 2. Senior Citizen Housing The Agency has contemplated development of subsidized senior housing as a future project. The Agency would acquire a 1-2 acre site and resell it to a developer at a discount in exchange for the subsidized housing. The land write-down would be financed from the low/mod fund. 3. Mobilehome Parks The Agency could provide assistance with the following: 1) Low interest loans to the owners for park improvements provided a majority of the units were occupied by low/mod tenants and the improvemetns directly benefitted the low/mod occupants. 2) Low interest loans, deferred loans or grants for public improvements provided they directly improve the park and assist low/mod tenants. Page 4 From: Robb R. Steel, Redevelopment Director Subject: Use of Agency Low-and Moderate-Income Housing Funds Date: May 21, 1990 3) Rent subsidies to low/mod occupants. 4) Assistance with park acquisition. 4. Housing Rehabilitation The Agency has intended to support rehabilitation of the existing housing stock by the following actions: 1) Establishing a revolving fund for low interest home rehabilitation loans. 2) Providing minor fix up grants or rebates. 3) Encouraging development or move-on of single- family units on vacant lots. III. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Low/Mod housing funds can be used in a variety of ways to increase or improve the City's low/mod housing stock. The key questions for each proposed project are: 1. Does it increase or improve the supply of housing affordable to low/mod occupants? 2 . Does the proposal constitute new or substantial rehabilitation? If it does, then the Agency must impose resale or rent controls on the assisted units. 3. Does the proposal have other indirect implications? For example, if the Agency provides rent subsidies to low/mod mobilehome tenants, what incentive does the park owner have to limit rents absent rent control. The foregoing report was intended to provide you with an outline of the various ways in which the funds could be used to support senior citizens. Before developing or selecting a specific course of action, more research will be needed to determine the most effective method of delivering the assistance. RRS/tmb EXHIBIT C 1 ORDINANCE NO. 690 2 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF LA VERNE, COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, AMENDING THE ORDINANCE CODE OF THE CITY OF LA VERNE BY 3 ADDING DIVISION XII PROVIDING FOR MOBILEHOME RENT REVIEW 4 WHEREAS, the City of La Verne did hear public comment on the issues surrounding mobilehome park tenancies in 1976, 1977, and 1982, and was suc- 5 cessful in facilitating the mediation of serious disputes within the commu- nity; and 6 WHEREAS, the City Council did again hear such comment and attempted 7 mediation in 1980 and 1981, and did adopt Resolution No. 81-37, proposing me- diation committees in mobilehome parks; and 8 WHEREAS, the City Council has heard extensive comment from mobilehome 9 park owners and mobilehome owners, and their counsel, and has solicited their comments with respect to possible solutions to the continuing conflicts within 10 the City arising out of the relationships between park owners and home owners; and 11 WHEREAS, substantial progress has been made through the organization 12 of mediation committees and home owners associations in the parks, and the good faith efforts of park owners and park tenants to resolve their differ- 13 ences; and 14 WHEREAS, despite this substantial progress, unresolved disputes still exist, and the City Council finds it necessary to exercise its police powers 15 to intervene in this situation; 16 NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of La Verne DOES FIND AND DETERMINE that: 17 1. There is presently a shortage of spaces for the location of mobile- 18 homes in the City of La Verne. This shortage has existed for several years, and the vacancy rate for such spaces, excluding those designed for short-term 19 tenancies, approaches zero. 20 2. Mobilehome park tenants are in a particularly poor bargaining po- sition with respect to their landlords because of their substantial investments 21 in their mobilehomes , the high cost of relocation, including the movers fees, installation charges, permits, landscaping and site preparation, the losses 22 incurred when space improvements must be abandoned, and the lack of alternative sites. In addition, increases in space rent tend to reduce the sale value of 23 the mobilehome in situ. 24 3. Because of the space shortage, unregulated rents will be a hardship on vulnerable portions of the City's population, including the elderly, the 25 disabled, and those of low income, forcing them to leave the City or divert so much of their income to housing that they cannot maintain a decent standard 26 of living; 27 NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of La Verne DOES ORDAIN as follows: 28 Section 1. That the Ordinance Code of the City of La Verne is hereby .79 1-+y Pari4 nn a new H i vi G i nn: ni;Vi.R i nn XT T . Mohi lehome Rent Review, to read as follows: 30 31 Chapter 1 Mobilehome Rent Review 32 (Rev. 10-15-84) 1 12100 PURPOSE. It is the purpose of this Chapter to facilitate the estab- lishment of fair and reasonable rents within mobilehome parks within the 2 City of La Verne. Furthermore, it is the intent of this Chapter to maintain the character and quality of the City's mobilehome parks, providing park 3 owners reasonable rent increases and park residents the security of rent review. 4 12101 DEFINITIONS. For the purposes of this Chapter, the following words, 5 terms, and phrases shall be defined as follows: CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT shall mean any addition or betterment made to a mobile- 6 home park which consists of more than mere repairs or replacements of exist- ing facilities or improvements and which has a useful life of five (5) or 7 more years. MOBILEHOME shall mean a vehicle as defined in the Mobilehome Residency Law 8 as per Civil Code Section 798.3. MOBILEHOME PARK shall mean any area of land within the City of La Verne 9 where two (2) or more mobilehome spaces are rented, or held out for rent, to accomodate mobilehomes used for human habitation. 10 MOBILEHOME SPACE shall mean the site within a mobilehome park intended, designed, or used for the location or accomodation of a mobilehome and any 11 accessory structures or appurtenances attached thereto or used in conjunction therewith. 12 OWNER shall mean the owner or operator of a mobilehome park or an agent or representative authorized to act on said owner's or operator's behalf in con- 13 nection with the maintenance or operation of such park. REHABILITATION WORK shall mean any renovation or repair work completed on 14 or in a mobilehome park which was performed in order to comply with the direction or order of a public agency, or to repair damage resulting from 15 fire, earthquake, or other casualty. RENT shall mean the consideration paid for the use or occupancy of a mobile- 16 home space. RENT ARBITRATION ADMINISTRATOR (RAA) shall mean the City Manager or his 17 designee. TENANCY shall mean the right to use or occupy a mobilehome space. 18 TENANT shall mean a person who has a tenancy in a mobilehome park. 19 12102 RENT ARBITRATION ADMINISTRATOR. In addition to the specific duties described elsewhere in this Chapter, the RAA shall: 20 a) Make any recommendation he or she deems appropriate to the City Council regarding the implementation of this Chapter; 21 b) Adopt, subject to City Council approval, procedures and guidelines for the implementation of this Chapter; 22 c) Select an arbitrator for any proceeding under Section 12108. 23 12103 EXISTING LEASES. Rents agreed to under a written agreement in exist- ence on June 1, 1984, may be collected until the expiration of the lease 24 agreement. • 25 12104 BASE RENT. a) The initial base rent per month for each space shall be the rent in 26 effect for that space on June 1, 1983, subject to the following adjustments: 1) An increase of no more than seven percent (7%) per annum between 27 June 1, 1983, and the effective date of this Chapter. 2) Increases equal to a proportionate share of an increase in a City 28 special tax, benefit assessment, or service charge, and including, but not limited to: paramedic fees and lighting and landscaping assessment districts 79 uua�:... 1, -19-C3, ...: ! •t c ..fF'....tiv— �7��tea nF 4414q 30 b) Any mobilehome space that has a rent of one hundred fifty dollars ($150) or less at the effective date of this Chapter shall not be subject to this 31 Section 12104. The base rent for these spaces shall be the rent charged at the effective date of this Chapter. 32 c) No owner shall demand or accept or retain rent for any space exceeding the base rent unless an increase has been authorized under Section 12106, ORD. NO. 690 -2- (Rev. 10-15-84) 1 12107, or 12108, or a vacancy increase has been authorized under Section 12109 or the space is exempt under Section 12105. 2 12105 SPACE RENT AGREEMENTS. 3 a) Any mobilehome park which provides a rental agreement meeting the cri- teria set forth in this Section shall be exempt from the provisions of this 4 Chapter for the duration of such agreement. b) The exemption provided in subsection (a) herein shall be effective only 5 if the space rental agreement meets the following criteria: 1) The agreement must establish a space rent schedule for a minimum 6 of two (2) years from the effective date of the agreement. 2) The agreement need not be a formal lease or follow any prescribed 7 format but the space rent schedule must be binding upon both the park owner and residents for its duration. The agreement may contain such other provi- 8 sions as may be agreed upon by the parties to it. 3) The agreement must by voluntarily consented to by sixty-seven per- 9 cent (67%) of the mobilehome rental spaces within the park. This consent shall be evidenced by the signature of at least one adult tenant from each 10 space, constituting the sixty-seven percent (67%) , on lease agreements or on such form as may be required by the RAA. The consent form shall be circu- 11 lated or provided for signature only in accordance with such rules and regu- lations as may be established by the RAA. 12 c) This exemption shall terminate upon the expiration of the space rental agreement unless such agreement is renewed or extended by mutual agreement 13 of the park owner and sixty-seven percent (67%) of the residents. Any such renewal or extension of such agreement must meet the criteria set forth in 14 subsection (b) of this section. Upon termination of the exemption, the mobilehome park shall comply with this Chapter. The rent last charged under 15 the lease agreement shall be the base rent. 16 12106 PERMITTED INCREASES WITHOUT MEDIATION OR ARBITRATION. a) An owner may file with the RAA a rent increase notification for one or 17 more mobilehome spaces for his/her review and certification. b) Upon receipt of a rent increase notification, the RAA shall review it 18 and shall certify the increase and notify the affected tenants if the RAA finds that: 19 1) There have been no rent increases for the subject spaces for the past twelve (12) months; and 20 2) There have been no decreases in services provided the tenants ex- cept in compliance with Section 12110 of this Chapter; and 21 3) The proposed rent increase is no greater than: A) The lesser of seven percent (7%) or the increase in the United 22 States Department of Labor Consumer Price Index (CPI-U) for the Los Angeles Long Beach Metropolitan Area for the twelve (12) month period ending ninety 23 (90) calendar days prior to the date of receipt of the notification by the RAA. 24 B) Any increase covering only the proportionate share of: 1) An increase of due under a land lease in existence on 25 June 1, 1983; and/or 2) An increase in a City special tax, benefit assessment, or 26 a service charge, excluding water, sewer and trash, and including, but not limited to: paramedic fees and lighting and landscaping assessment districts. 27 12107 PERMITTED RENT INCREASES BASED UPON MEDIATION. In the event a proposed 28 rent increase does not meet the criteria set forth in Section 12106, a park owner may file a request for mediation with the RAA for one or more spaces ,9 L park �i_ ._ _ _ tt r., .,,.�. �hm7 1 hA limited to one application uyu ..... .,...�.... ..........-__ __ _-- _ .._. ._ 30 per park per year under this section. a) An application for a rent increase pursuant to this section shall be 31 filed upon a form prescribed by the. RAA. Said application shall specify the address and numbers of all spaces for which rent in requested to be increased. 32 All applications shall be made under penalty of perjury and supporting docu- ments shall be certified or verified by the RAA. ORD. NO. 690 -3- (Rev. 10-15-84) 1 b) Upon receipt of the application, the RAA shall mail a notice to the affected tenants at the mobilehome spaces designated in the application. 2 Said notice shall include the amount of the requested rent increase and a brief summary of the owner's justification for the request. 3 c) Upon notification of the proposed increase, a park mediation committee shall be established for the purposes of meeting and conferring on the rental 4 increase, endeavoring to reach a mutual understanding of one another's view- point, and negotiating an agreement in conjunction therewith. 5 The Park Committee shall be composed of two (2) members or representatives of the park owner and two (2) members elected by secret ballot of the affected 6 tenants of the proposed rent increase. The fifth member of the park committee shall be a mediator appointed by the unanimous vote of the other four (4) mem- 7 bers. In the event the members appointed by the park owner and elected by the tenants cannot agree on the fifth member within ten (10) days after their 8 appointment, they shall request, in writing, that the RAA appoint a fifth member. Any fees payable to the mediator, whether he/she is appointed by the 9 Park Mediation Committee or the RAA, shall be borne equally by the park owner and the affected tenants. 10 d) The Park Committee shall establish procedures for the conduct of its affairs not otherwise in conflict with the provisions of this Chapter, in- 11 cluding, but not limited to, the number of affirmative votes it may require to take or effect any action. 12 e) If the Park Committee negotiates a proposed agreement, written notice thereof shall be given to all of the affected tenants of the park and the park 13 owner. Within ten (10) days of such notice, the affected tenants shall take a secret ballot, with one vote per space. 14 f) If at least sixty-seven percent (67%) of the affected mobilehome spaces of the park concur with, and the park owner approves the agreement, then it 15 shall be deemed approved. If fewer than sixty-seven percent (67%) of the affected mobilehome spaces of the park reject the agreement, or the park 16 owner rejects the agreement, then it shall be deemed disapproved. g) If the agreement is rejected as provided under Section 12107 (f) of 17 this Chapter, the Park Committee shall meet within ten (10) days after such rejection for the purpose of renegotiating another proposed agreement. If 18 such a proposed agreement is renegotiated, written notice thereof by the Park Committee shall be given and a secret ballot by the affected tenants shall be 19 taken in accordance with the provisions of Section 12107 (f) of this Chapter. h) All applications submitted under this section are considered denied if: 20 1) The Park Committee fails to negotiate a proposed agreement relating to a rental increase within thirty (30) days after the appointment of the 21 fifth member; or 2) The Park Committee fails to renegotiate a proposed agreement relat- 22 ing to a rental increase within thirty (30) days after the agreement is re- jected; or 23 3) After developing a renegotiated agreement, the affected tenants and park owners fail to ratify it within fifteen (15) days. 24 When mediation fails, an application may be submitted by the park owner for arbitration pursuant to Section 12108 of this Chapter. 25 12108 PERMITTED INCREASES BASED UPON ARBITRATION. 26 a) If a proposed rent increase application is denied pursuant to Section 12106, or a mediated settlement per Section 12107 cannot be reached, an owner 27 may file with the RAA a rent increase application for one (1) or more mobile- home spaces for arbitration. An owner shall be limited to one (1) application 28 for arbitration within any twelve (12) month period. b) An application for a rent increase pursuant to this section shall be 29 filed u n a form presnrihar7 hu the RAA and shall be accompanied by the pay- ment of a fee of ten dollars ($10) per space for which an application for a 30 rent increase is made. Such fee may be reviewed and adjusted by resolution of the City Council. Half of said fee may be charged to the tenants of the 31 affected spaces in the form of a one-time pass-through by the park owner. Any surplus of the fee over two-thirds (2/3) of the arbitrator's fee shall 32 be refunded at the end of the arbitration. Said application shall specify ORD. NO. 690 -4- (Rev. 10-15-84) 1 the address of the mobilehome park, the space number or numbers for which 2 rent is requested to be increased, the amount of the requested rent increase, and the facts supporting the requested increase. 3 c) The applicant shall produce, at the request of the arbitrator, any rec- ords, receipts, or other documents that the arbitrator may deem necessary. 4 The application shall be made under penalty of perjury and supporting documents shall be certified or verified as requested by the arbotrator. 5 d) The arbitrator shall determine within sixty (60) days after receipt of a rent increase application whether said application is complete. If the ar- 6 bitrator determines that an application is not complete, the arbitrator shall notify the applicant in writing as to what additional information is required. 7 e) Upon receipt of a rent increase application, the RAA shall mail a notice to the affected tenants at the mobilehome spaces designated in the application. 8 The notice shall include the amount of the requested rent increase, a brief summary of the owner's justification for the request, notice that any support- ing9 documents may be inspected at City Hall, notice of the tenant's right to submit written statements, photographs or documents relating to the applica- tion10 within thirty (30) days after the date the notice is mailed, and the address where such statements, photographs, or documents may be mailed or 11 delivered. All written statements submitted by the tenants for consideration by the arbitrator shall be signed and submitted under penalty of perjury. 12 The arbitrator shall hold a hearing on said application within sixty (60) days after such application is determined to be complete. Notice of the time, 13 date, and place of the hearing shall be sent to the applicant and the affected tenants at the mobilehome spaces designated in the application at least ten 14 (10) days period to the hearing. f) At the hearing, the applicant and the affected tenants may offer any 15 testimony that is deemed relevant by the arbitrator to the requested rent in- creases. The applicant shall produce any records, receipts, or other docu- ments16 that the arbitrator may deem necessary to approve a rent increase. The applicant and affected tenants may offer documents, written declarations, or 17 other written evidence for the first time at the hearing only if good cause is shown why such evidence was not filed prior to the hearing. Formal rules 18 of evidence shall not be applicable to such proceedings. Within fifteen (15) days after the close of the hearing, the arbitrator shall make his/her deter- 19 mination, pursuant to the standards established by subsection (g) of this section, approving or disapproving a rent increase for the mobilehome space 20 or spaces specified in the rent increase application. g) The arbitrator shall approve such rent increase as he/she determines to 21 be just, fair, and reasonable. The arbitrator shall consider, but not be limited to, the following factors in making such determinations: 22 1) Changes in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers for the Los Angeles-Long Beach Metropolitan Area, published by the United States Bureau 23 of Labor Statistics for the twelve (12) month period ending ninety (90) calen- dar days prior to the application for the proposed increase. 24 2) The rent lawfully charged for comparable mobilehome spaces in the City of La Verne. 25 3) The history and pattern of all prior rent increases of the park, and any prior arbitration proceedings. 26 4) The completion of any capital improvements or rehabilitation work related to the mobilehome space or spaces specified in the rent increase ap- 27 plication, and the cost thereof, including such items of cost, including materials, labor, construction interest, permit fees, and such other items as 28 the arbitrator deems appropriate. 5) Changes in property taxes and other taxes related to the subject 99 mobilehome park. r 6) Changes in the rent paid by the a�,yliccu t �:%� the lease of the lend 30 on which the subject mobilehome park is located. 7) Changes in the utility charges for the subject mobilehome park paid 31 by the applicant and the extent, if any, of reimbursement from the tenants. 8) Changes in reasonable operating and maintenance expenses. 32 9) The amount and quality of services provided by the applicant to the affected tenant. ORD. NO. 690 -5- (Rev. 10-15-84) 10) The need for rehabilitation work. 1 11) Tenant comments regarding the proposed increase. h) The arbitrator shall not consider the following factors in rent arbitra- 2 tion hearings: 1) Any expense for which the park owner is reimbursed. 3 2) Attorneys fees and costs incurred in proceedings under this Chapter. i) The Arbitrator may provide that an increase in rent or a portion of an 4 increase in rent granted be limited to the length of time necessary to allow the park owner to reasonably amortize the cost of a capital improvement, in- 5 cluding interest. Such increase granted as a result of the capital improve- ment shall not continue beyond the time necessary for reasonable amortization 6 of the cost of such improvement. j) Notice of the arbitrator's determination shall be mailed to the appli- 7 cant and all affected tenants at the mobilehome spaces designated in the ap- plication. The determination of the arbitrator shall be final. 8 k) If the arbitrator is unable to act and make his/her final determination on a completed rent increase application within seventy-five (75) calendar 9 days after the application is deemed complete by the RAA, the arbitrator may approve such interim rent increase for the mobilehome space or spaces speci- 10 fied in said application as clearly appears warranted when the factors set forth in subsection (g) of this section are considered, based upon the facts 11 stated in the application, any written statements or documents filed with the arbitrator by the affected tenants, and any other facts known to the arbitrator. 12 An approved interim rent increase shall expire on either: 1) the last day of the month within which the arbitrator makes his/her final determination dis- 13 approving a rent increase; or 2) the effective date of a rent increase which is approved by a final determination of the arbitrator. 14 1) The time within which the arbitrator may conduct a hearing or make his/ her determination may be extended twice by the arbitrator for periods of time 15 not to exceed sixty (60) days each if the arbitrator considers and, if grounds exist, grants an interim rent increase pursuant to subsection (k) of this sec- 16 tion. 17 12109 VACANCY INCREASES. When a mobilehome space becomes vacant or the owner- ship of a mobilehome is transferred, the park owner may raise the monthly rent 18 no greater than twenty-five dollars ($25) but no further increases may occur on that space for twelve (12) months. A change in ownership shall not include 19 any of the following: a) Transfers to a conservator of the person and/or of the estate of a tenant; 20 b) Transfers which take effect upon the death of a spouse; c) Transfers to a spouse, or former spouse in connection with a property 21 settlement agreement or decree of dissolution of marriage or legal separation; or 22 d) The creation, transfer, or termination solely between spouses, of any co-owner's interest. 23 12110 TERMINATION OF SERVICES. No mobilehome park owner shall reduce or 24 eliminate any service to any mobilehome space so long as this Ordinance is in effect, unless and until a proportionate share of the cost savings resulting 25 from such reduction or elimination is passed on to the resident in the form of a decrease in space rent. If a mobilehome park owner who provides utility 26 services reduces or eliminates such service by separate metering or other law- ful means of transferring to the resident the obligation for payment for such 27 services, the cost savings shall be deemed to be the cost of such transferred utility service for the twelve (12) months prior to the installation and use 28 of the submetering system. For the purposes of this section in determining cost savings to be passed 29 nn to the resident in the form of decreased rent, the cost of installation of separate utility meters, or similar costs to the mobilehome park owner to 30 shift the obligation for payment of utility costs to the resident, shall not be considered. Nothing stated herein shall be construed to prohibit or pre- 31 vent the consideration or inclusion of such costs, within an application to the Board for arbitration. 32 ORD. NO. 690 -6- (Rev. 10-15-84) 1 12111 ANNUAL REVIEW. In January of each year, after 1985, the City Council shall hold a public hearing to consider the report of the RAA on the operation 2 of this Chapter during the preceding year, and the comments of the public. The purpose of the hearing shall be to determine what revisions, if any, may 3 be appropriate. 4 • Section 2. The Mayor shall sign and the City Clerk shall certify to the 5 passage and adoption of this Ordinance and shall cause the same to be published and posted pursuant to the provisions of law in that regard, and this Ordinance 6 shall take effect thirty (30) days after its final passage. 7 APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 15th day of October , 1984. 8 9 10 11 12 Mayor of the City of La Verne 13 ATTEST: 14 15 16 17 City Clerk 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 30 31 32 ORD. NO. 690 -7- (Rev. 10-15-84) STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) 2 COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) 3 CITY OF LA VERNE ) 4 I, N. KATHLEEN HAMM, City Clerk of the City of 5 La Verne, California, do hereby certify that the fore- 6 � going Ordinance No. 690 was introduced at a 7 regular meeting of the City Council of said City duly 8 held on the 1st day of October , 19 84 , and 9 was thereafter, at a regular meeting of 10 said Council duly held on the 15th day of October 11 19 84 , duly passed and adopted by said City Council 12 and thereupon duly signed by the Mayor of said City, 13 attested by the City Clerk of said City, and passed and 14 adopted by the following vote: 15 AYES: COUNCILMEN Walters, Rodriguez, Gatti, Harvey, 16 and Mayor Blickenstaff. 17 NOES: • COUNCILMEN None. 18 ABSENT: COUNCILMEN None. • 19 . 20 N. KATHLEEN HAMM I CITY CLERK of the • 21 CITY of LA VERNE DATE: 10-16-84 C2611- Q_ 22 (Seal) 23 By Sonya Whatley Deputy City Clerk 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 #123 -44 1 ORDINANCE NO. 780 2 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF LA VERNE, COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, AMENDING THE 3 LA VERNE MUNICIPAL CODE BY REVISING CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF SECTION 9.16 PROVIDING FOR MOBILEHOME RENT REVIEW 4 5 WHEREAS, suggestions for amendments to the Mobilehome Rent Review Ordinance were solicited from 6 mobilehome park owners, operators and tenant representatives; and 7 WHEREAS, said suggestions were considered by the 8 Mobilehome Park Advisory Committee on February 21, 1989; 9 NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of La Verne DOES ORDAIN as follows: 10 Section 1. The La Verne Municipal Code is hereby 11 amended by revising Section 9.16.070(B) (3) (b) (ii) to read as follows: 12 An increase in a governmental imposed 13 special tax, benefit assessment, or service charge, excluding water, sewer, 14 and trash and including, but not limited to, paramedic fees and lighting and 15 landscaping assessment districts, and/or 16 Section 2. The La Verne Municipal Code is hereby 17 amended by revising Section 9.16.090(B) to read as follows: 18 An application for a rent increase 19 pursuant to this section shall be filed upon a form prescribed by the RAA and 20 shall be accompanied by the payment of a fee of ten dollars per space for which an 21 application for a rent increase is made. Such fee may be reviewed and adjusted by 22 resolution of the City Council. Half of the fee may be charged to the tenants of 23 the affected spaces in the form of a one-time pass-through by the park owner. 24 Any surplus of the fee over two-thirds of the arbitrator's fee shall be refunded at 25 the end of arbitration. Any arbitration costs which exceed the initial deposit fee 26 shall be borne equally by the park owner, the affected tenants, and the City. The 27 application shall specify the address of the mobilehome park, the space number or 28 numbers for which rent in requested to be increased, the amount of the requested '29 rent increase, and the facts supporting the requested increase. 30 31 Section 3. The La Verne Municipal Code is hereby amended by deleting Section 9.16.120 in its entirety. 32 1 Section 4. The Mayor shall sign and the City Clerk shall certify to the passage and adoption of this 2 Ordinance and shall cause the same to be published and posted pursuant to the provisions of law in that regard 3 and this Ordinance shall take effect thirty (30) days after its final passage. 4 APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 20th day of March, 1989. 5 6 7 /s/ JON BLICKENSTAFF 8 Mayor of the City of La Verne 9 ATTEST: 10 11 /s/ N. KATHLEEN HAMM 12 City Clerk 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 ORD. NO. 780 -2- 1 STATE OF CALIFORNIA COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) ss. 2 CITY OF LA VERNE 3 4 I, N. KATHLEEN HAMM, City Clerk of the City 5 of La Verne, California, do hereby certify that the 6 foregoing Ordinance No. 780 was introduced at a 7 regular meeting of the City Council of said City 8 duly held on 3-6-89 day of March, 1989, and was 9 thereafter, at a regular meeting of said Council 10 duly held on the 20th day of March, 1989, duly 11 passed and adopted by the said City Council and 12 thereupon duly signed by the Mayor of said City, 13 attested by the City Clerk of said City, and passed 14 and adopted by the following vote: 15 16 17 AYES: COUNCILMEN: Rodriguez, Gatti, Harvey, and Mayor Blickenstaff. 18 NOES: COUNCILMEN: None. 19 ABSENT: COUNCILMEN: Walters. 20 ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEN: None. 21 22 N. KATHLEEN HAMM, CMC CITY CLERK of the 23 CITY OF LA VERNE 24 }� 25 By Lupe Estrella Deputy City Clerk 26 DATE: March 21, 1989 27 28 (Seal) 29 30 31 32 1 ORDINANCE NO. 737 2 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF LA VERNE, COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, AMENDING THE 3 ORDINANCE CODE OF THE CITY OF LA VERNE BY REVISING SECTION 9 . 16 .080 (F) OF DIVISION 9 , PROVIDING FOR MOBILE HOME RENT 4 REVIEW (PERMITTED INCREASED BASED UPON ARBITRATION) 5 The City Council of the City of La Verne DOES ORDAIN 6 as follows: Section 1 . That the Ordinance Code of the City of 8 La Verne is hereby amended by revising section 9. 16.080 (F) to 9 read as follows: 10 F. If at least sixty-seven percent (67%) of 11 the affected mobile home spaces of the park concur with, and the park owner approves the 12 agreement, then it shall be deemed approved. If more than 33% of the affected mobile home 13 spaces of the park reject the agreement or the park owner rejects the agreement, then it shall 14 be deemed disapproved. 15 Section 2. The Mayor shall sign and the City Clerk shall certify to the passage and adoption of this Ordinance 16 and shall cause the same to be published and posted pursuant 17 to the provisions of law in that regard and this Ordinance 18 shall take effect thirty (30) days after its final passage. 19 APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 2nd day of February, 1987. 20 21 23 , ayo o he Cj#,f La Verne 24 ATTEST: 25 26 • City Clerk 27 28 29 30 31 32 1 ORDINANCE NO. 730 2 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF LA VERNE, COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, REVISING 3 SECTION 9. 16 .070 OF CHAPTER 9 . 16, MOBILE HOME RENT REVIEW, OF THE LA VERNE MUNICIPAL CODE TO PROVIDE FOR 4 PASS THROUGH OF MIRAMAR CHARGES 5 The City Council of the City of La Verne DOES 6 ORDAIN as follows: 7 Section 1 . That the Municipal Code of the City of 8 La Verne is hereby amended by revising Section 9 . 16.070 (B) (b) (iii) to read as follows: 9 10 b. Any increase covering only the 11 proportionate share of: i. An increase due under land lease in 12 existence on June 1 , 1983, and/or ii. An increase in a city special tax, 13 benefit assessment, or a service charge, excluding water, sewer and trash, and 14 in- cluding, but not limited to, paramedic fees and lighting and landscaping assessment 15 dis- tricts, and/or iii. Any capital improvement fee or ser- vice16 charge made in connection with the Miramar Filtration Plant and related 17 improvements. 18 Section 2. The Mayor shall sign and the City 19 Clerk shall certify to the passage and adoption of this 20 Ordinance and shall cause the same to be published and posted pursuant to the provisions of law in that regard 21 and this Ordinance shall take effect thirty (30) days 22 after its final passage. 23 APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 17th day of November, 24 1986. 25 26 27 Mayor of the City of La Verne 28 ATTEST: 29 30 31 City Clerk 32 • 1 ORDINANCE NO. 715 2 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF LA VERNE, COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, 3 AMENDING THE ORDINANCE CODE OF THE CITY OF LA VERNE BY REVISING SECTION 12106 OF DIVISION XII , PROVIDING FOR 4 MOBILE HOME RENT REVIEW 5 The City Council of the City of La Verne DOES 6 ORDAIN as follows : 7 8 Section 1 . That the Ordinance Code of the City 9 of La Verne is hereby amended by revising subsection 10 "a" to Section 12106 , to read as follows: 11 a) No proposed rent increase shall 12 take effect until sixty (60) days after the owner has filed with the RAA a rent 13 increase notification for all mobile home spaces subject to the increase. 14 The RAA shall review the increase for certification before its effective date. _ 15 16 Section 2 . The Mayor shall sign and the City i7 Clerk shall certify to the passage and adoption of this Ordinance and shall cause the same to be pub- 18 lished and posted pursuant to the provisions of law in 19 that regard and this Ordinance shall take effect 20 thirty (30) days after its final passage. 21 APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 18th day of February, 22 1986 . 23 24 26 /M/Yor of the City o/(Lai Verne: 27 ATTEST : 28 - s �4 29 City Clerk 30 31 321 1 ORDINANCE NO. 697 2 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF 3 LA VERNE, COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, AMENDING THE ORDINANCE CODE OF THE CITY OF LA VERNE 4 BY REVISING SECTION 12106 OF DIVISION XII , PROVIDING FOR MOBILEHOME RENT REVIEW 5 6 The City Council of the City of La Verne DOES ORDAIN as follows: 7 Section 1. That the Ordinance Code of the 8 City of La Verne is hereby amended by adding subsection "c" to Section 12106 , to read as follows: 9 c) After approval of a rent increase 10 under this Section 12106, there shall be no further rent increases of any 11 kind for the subject spaces for twelve (12) months , except a vacancy increase 12 as permitted under Section 12109 . 13 Section 2. The Mayor shall sign and the City Clerk shall certify to the passage and adoption of 14 this Ordinance and shall cause the same to be published and posted pursuant to the provisions of 15 law in that regard and this Ordinance shall take effect thirty (30) days after its final passage. 16 APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 1st day of April, 17 1985. 18 19 20 /s/ JON BLICKENSTAFF 21 Mayor of the City of La Verne 22 ATTEST: 23 24 /s/ N. KATHLEEN HAMM City Clerk 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 t, r. RECEIVEu JUN - 2 rte. EXHIBIT D ORDINANCE NO. 87-0228 An ordinance amending Title 8 of the Los Angeles County Code , relating to mobilehome park regulation. The Board of Supervisors of the County of Los Angeles ordains as follows : SECTION 1 : Chapter 8 . 57 is added to Division 3 of Title 8 of the Los Angeles County Code to read: MOBILEHOME PARK REGULATION SECTIONS : Page, 2 : STATEMENT OF PURPOSE 3 • 3 : DEFINITIONS • - • • (a) "Allowable Legal Expense" 4 ( b) "Base Rent" 4 (c ) "Base Year" 4 (d) "Capital Improvements" 4 (e) Mobilehome Park Rent Adjustment Commission of "Commission" 5 ( f) "CPI" 5 ( g) "CPI Adjustment Period" 6 (h) "Gross Income" 6 (i) "Housing Services" 7 ( j) "Mobilehome" 7 (k) "Mobilehome Park" 8 ( 1) "Mobilehome Park Owner or 'Owner '" . . . 8 (m) "Mobilehome Tenant or 'Tenant " 8 (n) "Operating Expenses" 8 4: EXEMPTIONS 11 t 2 SECTIONS (Continued) Page 5 : MOBILEHOME PARK RENT ADJUSTMENT COMMISSION. 13 6 : POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION 14 7 : LEGALITY OF INCREASES 14 8 : DETERMINATION OF RENT INCREASES 15 9 : CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PASS-THROUGH 19 10 : INITIATION OF- COMMISSION REVIEW . . . . 21 11 : CONDUCT OF THE HEARING 24 12: STANDARDS OF REVIEW 25 13 : DECISION OF THE COMMISSION 28 14 : TENANT'S RIGHT OF REFUSAL �9 15 : RETALIATORY EVICTION �9 16 : VIOLATION-PENALTY 30 17 : CIVIL REMEDIES 30 18 : TERMINATION 31 19 : REVIEW BY THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS 31 20: PROCEDURAL IRREGULARITIES 31 21 : NOTICE TO NEW AND PROSPECTIVE TENANTS . . . 32 22: GUIDELINES 32 23: FEES AND ASSESSMENTS 32 24: SEVERABILITY 33 3 SECTION 2 : STATEMENT OF PURPOSE There is presently within the County of Los Angeles a shortage of spaces for the location of mobilehomes . Because of this shortage , there is a low vacancy rate and rents are pre- sently rising rapidly and causing concern among a substantial number of Los Angeles County mobilehome park residents . Because - of the high cost of moving mobilehomes ; the potential for damage resulting therefrom; the requireme: :s relating to the installa- tion of mobilehomes , including permits , landscaping. and site prep- • aration ; the lack of alternative homesites for mobilehome residents ; and the substantial investment of mobilehome owners in such homes , a virtual monopoly exists in the rental of mobile- home park spaces , creating a situation where park owners have unbridled discretion and ability to exploit mobilehome park tenants . For these reasons , among others , the Board of Supervisors finds and declares it necessary to protect the owners and occupiers of mobilehomes from unreasonable rent increases , while at the same time recognizing the need of park owners to receive a fair return on their property and rental income suf- ficient to cover increases in the costs of repairs , maintenance , insurance , employee services , and additional amenities , and other costs of operation . 4 SECTIOJ 3 : DEFINITIONS (a ) "Allowable Legal Expenses" : Attorneys fees and costs incurred in connection with successful good faith attempts to recover rents owing and successful good faith unlawful detainer actions not in derogation of applicable law, to the extent same are not recovered from Tenants . Attorney ' s fees and costs incurred in proceedings before the Commission , or in connection with the civil actions against the Commission, are n allowa'ble' as Operating Expenses . ( b) "Base Rent" : Base Rent is the Space Rent charged on December 31 , 1984 , as adjusted pursuant to section 8 for the period between the date and the effective date of this ordinance . (c ) "Base Year" : For purposes of this ordinance , "Base Year" shall mean the calendar year , 1985 . (d ) "Capital Improvements" : The Owner' s cost of constructing new improvements or replacing old improvements in the Mobilehome park , subject to the following limitations : ( 1 ) The improvement must have a life expec- tancy of five (5) years or more and must be treated as Capital Improvements for Federal and State income tax purposes and may not be deducted for such tax purposes as expenses . (2) Normal routine maintenance and repair is not a Capital Improvement. 7 ( 3 ) Insured repairs and replacement are not Capital Improvements . ( 4 ) The improvements must be permanently fixed in place or relatively immobile. "Capital Improvements" include construction , installation , or replacement of: a clubhouse or portions thereof , laundry facilities or other common area facilities , swimming pool , sauna or hot tub , or other recreational amen- ities , streets and drivewayi, sec_�rit • y gatea�, outdoor or common area lighting, retaining walls , sewer, electrical , plumbing, water, or television reception systems , sprinkler systems , any similar improvement which represents an addi- tion to or an upgrading of existing improvements , or those improvements approved by 50% + 1 of the Tenants . ( e) "Commission" : The Mobilehome Park Adjustment Commission as established by this ordinance . ( f) "CPI" : The Consumers ' Price Index (All Items) prepared by Bureau of Labor Statistics for the Los Angeles - Long Beach - Anaheim area relating to all urban consumers . It' the method of calculating the CPI is substantially revised after the adoption of this ordinance , the method in effect upon adoption of this ordinance shall continue to be used or the revised CPI snail be adjusted by the Auditor-Controller to correspond to that method . 6 ( g) "CPI Adjustment Period" : The Auditor-Controller shall calculate and furnish a figure constituting the CPI change for use as the basis of a requested rent increase. Such figure need only be based upon available data . This figure shall be based on the changes in the CPI during the last available twelve ( 12) month period for which information is available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics prior to the effective date of the Base Rent or current Space Rent . (h) "Gross Income" : Gross in,ome •incluc�s the following: ( 1 ) Gross rent , computed as gross rental income at 100% paid occupancy, plus (2) interest from rental deposits , unless directly paid by the Owner to the Tenant ( interest shall be imputed at the rate of 5}% of all deposits , unless such deposits earn greater interests ) , plus ( 3) income from laundry facilities , cleaning fees or services , garage and parking fees , plus ( 4) all other income or consideration received or receivable for, or in connec- tion with the Housing Services , minus (5 ) uncollected rents due to 7 vacancy and bad debts to the extent that the same are beyond the Owner's control . Uncolle :ed rents in excess of 3% of gross rents shall be presumed to be unreasonable , unless established other- wise . Where uncollected rent must be established , the average of the preceding three years experience shall be used , or other comparable method. ( i ) "Housing Services" : Services provided by the Owner related to the use or occupancy of a Mobilehome space , including, but not limited to , water and sewer, natural gas , electricity , refuse removal , management and administration ( including employee salaries and fringe benefits) , main- tenance and repairs , supplies , advertising, recreation faci- lities , laundry facilities , parking, security services , insurance, property taxes , governmental assessments , and other costs reasonably attributable to the operation of the park . The term "Housing Services" shall not include legal fees or mortgage payments , whether for principal , interest , or both . ( j) "Mobilehome" : A structure designated or designed for human habitation , transported over the highways to a permanent occupancy site , and installed on the site either with or without 8 a permanent foundation . "Mobilehome" includes a manufactured home , as defined in the Health and Safety Code , but does not include either a recreational vehicle or a commercial coach , as they are defined in the Health and Safety Code . ( k ) "Mobilehcme Park" : An area of land where two or more Mobilehome spaces are rented or leased out for Mobilehomes used as residences . "Mobilehome Park" does not include develop- tents which sell lots for Mobileho:_i or which provide ' con- dominium ownership of such lots , even if one or more- homes' - • in the development are rented or leased out . ( 1) "Mobilehome Park Owner or 'Owner" : The Owner , lessor , operator, or manager of a Mobilehome Park in the County of Los Angeles . (m) "Mobilehome Park Tenant or 'Tenant ' " : Any person entitled to occupy a Mobilehome which is located within a Mobile- home Park in the County of Los Angeles . ( n) "Operating Expenses" : ( 1 ) "Operating Expenses" shall include the following : ( i ) Real property taxes , ( ii ) utility costs , ( : ii ) management expenses ( contracted or Owner performed) , including necessary and reasonable 9 advertising, accounting , insurance , and other managerial expenses , and Allowable Legal Expenses . Management expenses are presumed to be 5% of gross income , unless established otherwise. ( iv) Normal repair and maintenance expenses , including painting, normal . :leaning, .fumigation, .landscaping, and repair of all standard services , including electrical , plumbing, car- pentry , furnished appliances , drapes , carpets and furniture. ( v) Owner-performed labor , which shall be compensated at a reasonable hourly rate , based upon documen- tation being provided , showing the date , time and nature of the work performed. ( vi ) License and registration fees required by law to the extent same are not otherwise paid by Tenants . ( vii ) Capital expenses with a total cost of less than $ 100 per year, 10 benefited unit , and the amortized portion of other capital expenses otherwise allowed by regulation. ( 2) "Operating Expenses" shall not include : ( i ) avoidable and unnecessary expenses since the Base Year; ( ii ) mortgage principal and interest payments ; • ( iii ) any 'penalty, fees or interest assessed or awarded for violation of this or any other law; ( iv) legal fees , except as defined in subsection (a) ; ( v) depreciation of the property ; (vi ) any expense for which the Owner has been reimbursed by any security deposit , insurance settle- ment , judgment for damages , settle- ment or any other method ; and ( vii ) land lease payments . (o ) "Space Rent" : The consideration on a monthly basis , including any bonuses , benefits , or gratuities , demanded or received in connection with the use and occu- pancy of a Mobilehome space in a Mobilehome Park , or for 11 Housing Services provided , but exclusive of: ( 1) Any amount paid for the use of a Mobilehome ; ( 2) security deposits ; ( 3) user fees for services or facilities which may be utilized at the option of the Tenants and are not included in monthly Space Rent ; and • ( 4) utility charges for those - Mobilenome Parks which bill Tenants separately whether or not the Mobilehomes are individually metered . SECTION 4 : EXEMPTIONS The provisions of this ordinance shall not apply to the following tenancies in Mobilehome Parks located in the County of Los Angeles : (a) Mobilehome Park spaces rented for non-residential uses ; (b) Mobilehome Parks managed or operated by the United States Government, the State of California , or the County of Los Angeles; (c) tenancies which do not exceed an occupancy of twenty ( 20) days and which do not contemplate an occupancy of more than twenty ( 20) days ; (d) tenancies for which any Federal or State law or regulation specifically prohibits rent regulations ; 12 ( e ) tenancies covered by leases or contracts which pro- vide a certain Space Rent for at least six ( 6 ) months , but only for the duration of such lease or contract . Upon the expiration or other termination of such lease or contract , if such lease or contract was entered into between January 31 , 1984 , and January 14 , 1986 , and if such lease or contract expires or terminates prior to January 14 , 1993 , this ordinance shall , immediate.ly be applicable to • the• tenancy , unless that • lease or contract is immediately succeeded by the lease referred to in subsection ( g) or the Tenant is offered the lease referred to in subsection ( g) of this section; ( f) Mobilehome Parks which sell lots for factory- built or manufactured housing, or which provide condominium ownership of such lots , even if one or more Mobilehomes in the development are rented or leased out ; and ( g) Mobilehome Parks that substantially conform to the Model Mobilehome Park Lease Agreement approved by the Board of Supervisors on January 14 , 1986 . Non-exempt Mobilehome Parks that do not substantially conform to the Model Mobilehome Park Lease Agreement prior to the enactment of this ordinance , but substantially conform with that model lease subsequent to the effective date of this ordinance shall remain subject to this ordinance until six ( 6 ) months from the first date of substantial conformance with that model • 13 lease . For the purposes of this ordinance , Mobilehome Parks that have offered the model lease , or a substantially simi- lar lease to the Tenants therein shall be considered to be in substantial compliance with the Model Mobilehome Park Lease Agreement . SECTION 5 : MOBILEHOME PARK RENT ADJUSTMENT COMMISSION (a) There is hereby established a commission to be • known as the "County Mobilehome P.arx Rent Adjustment Commission." • ( b ) Each member of the Board of Supervisors shall appoint a member to the Commission . The person appointed by each Supervisor shall be neither Owner or Tenant. (c) The term of office of each member of the Commission shall be for the period of time this ordinance is in effect , " . . .except that each member of the Board of Supervisors may remove his or her appointed member of the commission at any time. " (d) The Commission shall meet at least twice every year. (e) Each member shall be paid $25 .00 for each day the member attends a meeting . ( f) At its first meeting, the Commission shall elect a chairperson and such other officers as the Commission may deem appropriate . 14 SECTION 5 : POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION Within the limitations provided by law, the Commission shall have the following powers and duties : (a) To receive , investigate , hold hearings on, and pass upon all issues relating to Mobilehome Park rent stabiliza- tion as set forth in this ordinance ; ( b) to make or conduct such independent hearings or investigations as may appropriate to obtain such information as is necessary . to carry out its duties ; (c ) to adjust Space Rents either upward or downward upon completion of its hearings and investigations ; (d ) to render at least semi-annually a comprehen- sive written report to the Board of Supervisors concerning its activities , holdings , actions , results of hearings, and all other matters pertinent to this ordinance which may be of interest to the Board ; and (e) to adopt , promulgate , and amend and rescind admin- istrative rules to effectuate the purposes and policies of this chapter, within the limitations provided by law or by rules adopted by the Board of Supervisors . SECTION 7 : LEGALITY OF INCREASES On or after the effective date of this ordinance , no increase in Space Rents in the Mobilehome Parks covered 15 by this ordinance shall be effective unless approved by the Commission as set forth in this ordinance . SECTION 8 : DETERMINATION OF RENT INCREASES (a) Formula increases : Mobilehome Park Base Rents and Space Rents may be increased by no more than 75% of the percentage change in the CPI for the applicable CPI adjust- ment period., or by no more than 8% per year, whichever is less . Increases in user fees shall be subject to the same limitation . Increases in user fees for coin operated de- vices owned by the Owner may accumulate to accommodate the capacity of the devices so long as the total increase is within the limits . ( b) Increases which satisfy the formula requirements shall be approved by the Commission as a matter of course subject to the provisions of section 23 ( b) of this ordinance . (c ) Calculation of the one-year limitation on ren- tal increases herein shall be from the date the last increase became effective at the particular Mobilehome Park . (d) Owner Costs To Be Passed-Through to Tenant : Tenant shall pay to Owner , on the herein described terms no less than sixty ( 60) days after Owner has notified Tenant in writing , the following increased costs of Owner to be passed-through to Tenant as separately listed items on monthly statement . 16 ( 1 ) Government Required Services : For the purposes of this ordinance , "Government Required Services" shall be defined as ser- vices required by governmental agencies which are new or in addition to those services legally required to be provided by Owner to Tenant or to said -Mobilehome •park on '..ze effective date of this ordinance. Such services include fees , bonds , assessments , and charges legally levied by an agency of Federal , State or local government upon the Owner. Such services do not include predictable expenses for operation of said Mobilehome Park such as common area utilities expenses or expenses which maintain the safe and healthful use of Mobilehome Park facili- ties . The Owner' s actual out-of-pocket costs of providing governmentally required services may be passed-through to the Tenant upon sixty ( 60) days ' written notice using the following formula : amount actually paid by the Owner, divided by the total number of spaces in said Mobilehome Park , divided by twelve ( 12) 17 months , equals the monthly sum for government required services to be passed through to the Tenant . Notwithstanding the formula described above , only those costs of providing govern- mentally required services in the twelve ( 12) months immediately preceding the proposed pass-through shall be reimbursed to the Owner by the Tenant in the manner herein dDicribed . The Owner shall pass-through to the Tenant only those costs for governmentally required services which are not reimbursed to the Owner by insurance or other sources. ( 2) Real Property Taxes : For the purpose of this ordinance , "Real Property Taxes" shall be defined as County taxes levied against the assessed valuation of said Mobilehome Park which are normally payable to the County tax collector pursuant to State law on the tenth day of December and on the tenth day of April of each calendar year. Such taxes shall not include the Owner' s income taxes or assessments subject to pass-through to Tenant as "government required services . " New real property taxes assessed to the Owner as a 18 result of new construction or remodeling of said Mobilehome Parks common areas after the effective date of this ordinance shall be passed-through to the Tenant in the same manner as other real property tax increases . In the event that the Owner's real property taxes increase in excess of two percent (2%) over the taxes leviea for the preceding County fiscal year , the amount of the increase in excess of 2% may be passed-through to the Tenant upon sixty ( 60) days ' written notice using the following formula : amount actually paid by the Owner for increased real property taxes in excess of 2% over previous year , divided by the total number of spaces in said Mobilehome Park , divided by twelve ( 12) months' equals the monthly sum for increase in real property taxes to be passed-through to the Tenants . Increased taxes as a result of transfer or "change of ownership" as defined pursuant to Article XIII A of the California Constitution , will not be passed-through to :he Tenants . 19 ( e ) Equalization Adjustment : Not later than thirty ( 30 ) days after the effective date of this ordinance , an Owner may apply for an adjustment to the Base Rent for individual spaces where adjustment is necessary to correct inequities caused by the rent freeze imposed as of December 31 , 1984 . The application shall state the reasons why the Base Rent was not equal to that charged comparable spaces . SECTION 9 : CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PASS-THROUGH (a) Subject :o the vote requirements and the Capi- tal improvement limitations hereafter described and also subject to review by the Commission pursuant to section 11 of this ordinance , the actual net costs of a Capital Improve- ment plus an interest charge to compensate the Owner for the use of money in making the improvement , as described below, may be passed-through to the Tenant upon sixty (60) days ' written notice using the following formula : Net amount actually paid by the Owner for Capital Improvement plus an interest charge as described below, divided by the total number of homesites in said mobilehome park affected by the improvement divided by sixty (60) months ( the amortization period for the Capital Improvement) , equals the monthly sum for Capital Improvements to be passed-through to the Tenants . ( b) The interest charge that may be added to the cost of materials and labor is 33.5% . This is derived from 20 the 12% interest rate used by the Internal Revenue Service in calculating overpayment and underpayment of Federal income taxes , computed on a declining balance over a 5-year period with equal monthly payments ( the 5-year period repre- sents the amount of time allowed for fully amortizing the cost of Capital Improvements ) . (c ) Alternative Amortization Periods and Interest • Charges : Period: 120 months Interest Charge : 72.2% of actual costs 108 months 64.0% of actual costs 96 months 56 .0% of actual costs 84 months 48. 3% of actual costs 72 months 40 . 1% of actual costs 60 months 33.5% of actual costs 36 months 19 . 1 % of actual costs 12 months 6 . 6% of actual costs (d ) Installation of individual Capital Improvements with a cost to Owner which would result in a pass-through monthly payment to affected Tenants in excess of 5% of Base Rent shall be contingent upon the majority approval of all affected Tenants of said Mobilehome Park . Tenants at such elections to approve or reject a proposed Capital Improve- ment shall be entitled to one ( 1 ) written ballot vote per affected space in said Mobilehome Park . Individual Capital 21 Improvements costing less than the amount that would result in a pass-through monthly payment to affected Tenants in excess of 5% of Base Rent shall not require the approval of Tenants of said Mobilehome Park so long as the cumulative total of pass-through monthly payments resulting from such projects does not exceed 10% of Base Rent hereafter described . Capital Improvement projects mandated by governmental • authorities to protect the trealth or safety of sai: Mobilehome park by Tenant shall be exempt from the Tenant vote requirement described in this sub-paragraph. (e) Capital Improvements which may be passed through to Tenants shall not exceed a total of 10% of Base Rent unless approved by 50% + 1 of the Tenants with the exception of projects mandated by governmental authorities as described above . However, the cost of Capital Improvement projects mandated by governmental authority shall be included in the calculation of the 10% of Base Rent limitation described in this section for purposes of determining whether a Capital Improvement project not mandated by governmental authority requires approval of the Tenants. SECTION 10 : INITIATION OF COMMISSION REVIEW (a) In order to implement a rental increase as permitted under section 8 of this ordinance, the Owner must file with the Commission a proposed rent schedule on the 22 form provided by the Commission . The rent schedule shall show the proposed new maximum rents for each space , calcu- lated in accordance with the provisions of section 8 of this ordinance . The Owner shall serve each affected Tenant , either personally or by mail , with notice of the proposed increase , in accordance with State law, and with notice that a request for approval of same is being filed with ;he Commission . The Owner shall file proof of such service with the Commission concurrent with the filing of the rental increase request . Copies of the rent schedule , request for increase , and supporting documentation shall be available free of charge to any Tenant requesting same at the Owner' s office in the affected Mobilehome park . ( b) At its next meeting, but no later than twenty-one ( 21 ) days from the date of filing, the Commission shall review the rent schedule for completeness , accuracy , and compliance with this ordinance . If the Commission determines that the schedule is complete , accurate , and in compliance with this ordinance , it shall approve the sche- dule and the new rents shall become effective as noticed by the Owner. If the Commission determines that the proposed rent schedule is not complete , accurate , or in compliance with this ordinance , it shall deny the increase without prejudice 23 based on the deficiency. It shall inform the Owner of the deficiencies and take or direct other appropriate action . If the Commission approves an increase lower than that ori- ginally noticed by the Owner , the same shall be effective as of the date noticed by the Owner. (c ) If the Owner requests an increase above that allowed by the formula set forth i^ section 8 of this ordi- nance. he shall submit with the rentschedule a request for . such increase , together with supporting documentation. The notice and proof of service requirements set forth in sub- division (a) of this section shall apply to such request . (d ) The Commission shall set a hearing on any request complying with the requirements of this ordinance no sooner than ten ( 10) days and no later than twenty-one ( 21 ) days after receipt of the request and proof of service . The Commission shall send written notice to the Owner who shall post such notice in a conspicuous place of the time and place set for the hearing. If the Commission approves an increase as requested , or lower than requested , the same shall take effect as noticed by the Owner or as the Commission may otherwise direct . ( e) In any application for rent increase under this ordinance , the Owner shall indicate which, if any, of the Mobilehome spaces are covered by leases or contracts r 24 which provide for more than a month-to-month tenancy, together with the expiration date of each such lease or contract . Any rent increase approved by the Commission under this ordinance shall not be applicable to spaces covered by such leases or contracts during the term of such leases or contracts ; provided , however , that in acting upon any application for rental increase hereunder, the Commission shall set re . cs in accordance with this ordinance for spaces covered by leases or contracts which shall become applicable to such spaces upon the expiration of each such lease or contract subject to the limitations stated in subsection ( e) of section 4 of this ordinance . SECT:ON 11 : CONDUCT OF THE HEARING (a) All review hearings conducted by the Commission shall be open to the public . ( b) All parties to a hearing may have assistance from an attorney or such other person as may be designated by said parties in presenting evidence or in setting forth by argument their position . All witnesses shall be sworn in and all testimony shall be under penalty of perjury. (c ) In the event that either the Owner or the Tenant(s) should fail to appear at the hearing at the spec- ified time and place , the Commission may hear and review such evidence as may be presented and make such decisions as 25 if both parties had been present . (d ) All review hearings shall be tape-recorded . Tapes shall be preserved for six ( 6 ) months , or longer, if requested by either party affected by the hearing. SECTION 12 : STANDARDS OF REVIEW (a) In evaluating the rent increase proposed by the Owner , the Commission shall consider, along with all • relevant factors , changes in costs to the Owner attributable • to increases or decreases in master land or facilities lease rent , utility rates , property taxes , insurance , advertising , variable mortgage interest rates , governmental assessment and fees , incidental services , employee costs , normal repair and maintenance , and other considerations , including, but not limited to , Capital Improvements , upgrading and addition of amenities or services , and the level of rent necessary to permit a just and reasonable return on the Owner' s property. ( b) Presumption of Fair Base Year Net Operating Income : Except as provided in subsection (c) it shall be presumed that the Base Rent adjusted pursuant to section 8 of this ordinance provided a fair return on property. Owners shall be entitled to maintain and increase their Net Operating Income from year to year in accordance with subsection(c) . (c) Rebutting the Presumption: It may be determined r 26 that the Base Rent adjusted pursuant to section 8 of this ordinance yielded other than a fair return on property , in which case , it may be adjusted accordingly . In order to make such a determination , the Commission must make at least one of the following findings : ( 1 ) The Owner ' s operating and maintenance expenses in the Base Year were unusually high or low in comparison to other' years . ' .n such , instances , adjustments may be made in such expenses so the Base Year Operating Expenses reflect average expenses for the pro- perty over a reasonable period of time. The Commission shall consider the following factors ( i ) The Owner made substantial Capital Improvements during 1985 , which were not reflected in the rent levels on the Base Year Date ; ( ii ) Substantial repairs were made due to damage caused by natural disaster or vandalism; ( iii ) Maintenance and repair was below accepted standards so as to cause signi- ficant deterioration in the quality of housing services ; and 27 ( iv) Other expenses were unreasonably high or low notwithstanding the following of prudent business practice. In making this determination , the fact that property taxes prior to 1985 may have been higher than in the Base Year shall not be considered. It is not the intent of the ordinance to reward ineff ' ;ient business practices. ( 2) The rent on the Base Year date was disproportionate due to one of the enumerated factors below. In such instances , adjustments may be made in calculating gross rents con- sistent with the purposes of this ordinance. ( i ) The rent on the Base Year date was established by a lease or other formal rental agreement which provided for substantially higher rent at other periods during the term of the lease ; ( ii ) The rent on the Base Year date was substantially higher or lower than at other times of the year by reason of seasonal demand or seasonal variations in rent ; and r 28 ( iii ) The rent on the Base Year date was substantially higher or lower than pre- ceding months by reason of premiums being charged or rebates being given for reasons unique to particular units or limited to the period determining the Base Rent . SECTION 13 : DECISION OF THE COMMISSION (a) The Commission shall make a final decision no later than ( 10) ten days after the conclusion of its hearing. The Commission ' s decision shall be based on the prepon- derance of the evidence at the hearing. All parties to the hearing shall be advised of the Commission 's decision and given a copy of the findings upon which the decision is based . ( b) Consistent with its findings , the Commission may ( 1 ) permit the requested increase to become effective , in whole or in part ; ( 2) deny the increase ; or ( 3) if cir- cumstances justify , order a reduction in rent to a rate determined by the Commission . (c ) If the Commission finds that an increase that went into effect , or any portion thereof, is not justified , the Owner shall refund the amount found to be unjustified to the Tenant within sixty ( 60 ) days after the decision of the Commission is announced . , l' 29 (d ) If the Comthission finds that a proposed increase , or any portion thereof that was previously inoperative , is justified , the Tenant shall pay the amount found justified to the Owner within sixty (60) days after the decision of the Commission is announced. ( e) The conclusions and findings of the Commission shall be final and there shall be no appeal rights to the • Board of Supervisors . ( f) Any party disputing the final conclusions and findings of the Commission may seek review of the Commission ' s actions pursuant to sections 1094.5 and 1094.6 of the California Code of Civil Procedure. SECTION 14 : TENANT'S RIGHT OF REFUSAL A Tenant may refuse to pay any increase in rent which is in violation of this ordinance , provided that the Commission has either not reached its decision or has found the increase violates the provisions of this ordinance . Such refusal to pay shall be a defense in any action brought to recover possession of a Mobilehome space or to collect the rent increase . SECTION 15 : RETALIATORY EVICTION Notwithstanding section 14 of this ordinance , in any action brought to recover possession of a Mobilehome space , the court may consider as grounds for denial any r r 30 violation of any provision of this ordinance. Further, the determination that the action was brought in retaliation for the exercise of any rights conferred by this ordinance shall be grounds for denial . Any action brought within six (6 ) months of a petition or complaint filed with the Commission by the Tenant pursuant to this ordinance , shall be presumed to be retaliatory ; this presumption affects the burden of • proof and is rebuttable by the Owner. SECTION 16 . VIOLATION-PENALTY Any person violating any of the provisions , or failing to comply with any of the requirements, of this ordinance shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Any person con- victed of a misdemeanor under the provisions of this ordi- nance shall be punished by a fine of not more than $500.00 or by imprisonment in the County Jail for a period of not more than six (6) months or by both. Each violation of any provision of this ordinance , and each day during which any such violation is committed , permitted or continued , shall constitute a separate offense . SECTION 17 : CIVIL REMEDIES If any Owner demands , accepts , receives or retains any payment of rent in excess of the maximum lawful Space Rent , as determined under this ordinance , then the Tenants in such Mobilehome park affected by such violation, indivi- • e. 31 dually or by class action may seek relief in a court of appropriate jurisdiction for injunctive relief and damages . The prevailing party will recover costs and reasonable attorney 's fees as part of any court judgment . SECTION 18 : TERMINATION This ordinance shall terminate seven (7) years from its effective date unless repealed earlier , or. ext -,-ded by ' . order of the Board of Supervisors. • SECTION 19 : REVIEW BY THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS The Board of Supervisors shall review the effec- tiveness of this ordinance in addressing the problems giving rise to its enactment at least three ( 3) months before its ter- mination and take appropriate legislative action thereon . SECTION 20 : PROCEDURAL IRREGULARITIES Formal rules of evidence or procedure which must be followed in court shall not apply to Commission proceedings , except to the extent that the Commission shall determine . No action of the Commission hereunder shall be held void or invalid or be set aside by any court on the grounds of the improper admission or rejection of evidence , or by reason of any error, irregularity, informality, neglect or omission (hereinafter called "error" ) as to any matter pertaining to applications , notices , findings , records, hearings , reports , recommendations, or any matters of procedure whatever, t r 32 including but not limited to those included in this section , unless after an examination of the entire case , including the evidence , the court shall be of the opinion that the error complained of was prejudicial , and that by reason of such error the party complaining or appealing sustained and suffered substantial injury , and that a difficult result would have been probable if such error had not occurred or • existed . There shall be no' presumption that error is preju dicial or that injury was done if error is shown . SECTION 21 : NOTICE TO NEW AND PROSPECTIVE TENANTS Prior to or at the time of agreeing to rent space to a new Tenant in a Mobilehome Park , the Owner shall pro- vide each new Tenant or prospective Tenant with a copy of the Mobilehome Park Rent Stabilization System Ordinance , as currently in force. SECTION 22: GUIDELINES After a noticed public hearing, as it deems necessary, the Board of Supervisors may adopt by resolution guidelines to aid in the implementation of this ordinance. SECTION 23: FEES AND ASSESSMENTS (a) Administration Assessments : In order to reimburse the County for the costs of administering and enforcing this rent stabilization program, which benefits and applies only to Mobilehome Parks and Tenants and r 33 not to other residents of the County , each Owner of a Mobilehome park subject to this ordinance shall pay a monthly assessment for each space in the park at a rate established by resolution of the Board of Supervisors . These funds paid to the County shall be used solely to admin- Aster and implement this ordinance. The Board shall adjust the amount of this assessment from ' ime to time to reflect actual costs , and may accumulate a reasonable reserve for • contingencies . (b) Fees : The Board of Supervisors shall set fees to be paid with the applications and requests for review of decisions regarding applicability of this ordinance , a CPI formula increase , utility pass-through, . change of occupancy , use , or expiration of lease adjustment , or equalization adjustment and for increases which exceed the formula as set forth in section 8. SECTION 24. SEVERABILITY If any provision or clause of this ordinance or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held to be unconstitutional or to be otherwise invalid by a final judgment of any court of competent jurisdiction , such inval- idity shall not affect other provisions or clauses or application , and to this end , the provisions and clauses of this ordinance are declared to be severable. OPK:cn